Name of ethnic group: Thai (Tay, Tay Dam, Tay Khao, Tay Muoi, Tay Thanh, Hang Tong, and Pu Thay). Population: 1,328,725 people (Year 1999). Locality: Lai Chau, Dien Bien, Son La, Hoa Binh, and Nghe An provinces.

Name of ethnic group: Tho (Keo, Mon, Cuoi, Ho, Tay Poong, Dan Lai, and Ly Ha). Population: 68,394 people (Year 1999). Locality: The Tho live in the western parts of Nghe An Province.

Name of ethnic group: Xinh Mun (Puoc, and Pua). Population: 18,018 people (Year 1999). Locality: Son La and Lai Chau provinces and along the Vietnamese-Lao border regions.

Name of ethnic group: Xo Dang (Xe Dang, Ca Dong, To Dra, Ha Lang, Mo Nam, Ta Tri, Ka Rang, Bri La Teng, and Con Lan). Population: 127,148 people (Year 1999). Locality: The Xo Dang are concentrated in Kon Tum Province and scattered in the mountainous areas of Quang Ngai and Quang Nam provinces.

Name of ethnic group: Xtieng (Xa Dieng). Population: 66,788 people (Year 1999). Locality: The Xtieng live in four northern districts of Binh Phuoc Province and in Dong Nai and Tay Ninh provinces.